cytokeratin-20

Well-demarcated erythematous plaque on the arm

Well-demarcated erythematous plaque on the arm

A 67-year-old Caucasian man presented with an asymptomatic, well-defined, irregular shaped, erythematous scaly plaque on the left upper arm for five years. There was no cervical or axillary lymphadenopathy. A skin punch biopsy was performed from the plaque. Histopathological examination showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and atypical large pale cells with abundant vacuolated cytoplasm in the epidermis. There was no dermal invasion. Tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin 7, but negative for cytokeratin 20, P63 and Melan A by immunohistochemistry.

Extramammary Paget disease

Extramammary Paget disease

In 1874, Sir James Paget first described Paget disease of the nipple, also known as mammary Paget disease. In 1889, extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) of the scrotum and penis was identified. Although mammary and extramammary Paget disease are both characterized by epidermal Paget cells and share a similar clinical presentation, their uniqueness lies in anatomical location and histogenesis. EMPD presents as an erythematous plaque on apocrine gland bearing areas (i.e. vulva, perineum, perianal region, scrotum, and penis) in older men and women. It can be a focal, multifocal, or an ectopic process. Immunohistochemical staining allows for differentiation between primary and secondary EMPD in addition to the many other disease entities that clinically resemble this malignancy. When diagnosing a patient with EMPD, a full history and physical should be performed given the possibility of an underlying malignancy. Surgical excision currently is first line therapy and the prognosis is often favorable. Recent advances within the field have examined the expression of chemokine receptors within tumors, which may be applicable in determining prognosis. This review addresses the history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, histopathology, differential diagnosis, diagnosis, management, and new observations with respect to extramammary Paget disease.

Anal canal adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine features accompanying secondary extramammary Paget disease, successfully treated with modified FOLFOX6: a case report

Anal canal adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine features accompanying secondary extramammary Paget disease, successfully treated with modified FOLFOX6: a case report

Anal canal cancer occasionally accompanies extramammary Paget disease. Although most of them are squamous cell carcinoma, anal canal adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine features accompanying secondary extramammary Paget disease has never been reported.

This is a clinically significant case, as it reveals novel pathological features about anal canal cancer with secondary Paget disease and successfully treated with modified FOLFOX6. Careful pathological investigation and appropriate treatment choice are needed for this rare cancer.